Insulator.



No. 7o|,848. Patented lune lo, |902.l

' v. G. CONVERSE.

| N S U L A T U R.

"Application filed Mar. 17, 1902.)

' (No Model.)

mvlim'orvz; 'Vernon GnGo e'tse Y his 'Ahum-ag UNITED STATES` PATENTEEICE.

VERNON G. CONVERSE, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

INSULATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 701,848, dated June 10,1902. Application tiled March 17, 1902- Serial No. 98,563. (No model.)

.T0 all whom, it may concern:

Beit known that LVERNON G. CONVERSE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State ofPennsylvania, have inventedor discovered new and useful Improvements inInsulators, of which the followingis a specification.

In the accompanying drawings,which make part of this specification,Figure I represents one form of my invention, half in elevation and halfin vertical section. Fig. II is a view similar to Fig. I, except thattwo sections I are shown. Fig. III is a view similar to Fig. I, exceptthat the tubular section 5 is omitted. Fig. IV is a view similar to Fig.III, except that two sections a are shown. Fig. V is a top plan of oneof the sections marked 1l.

My invention relates to devices for the support and insulation ofelectrical conductors, particularly conductors used for transmittingcurrents of high voltage.

It is with reference to the tendency under wet-weather conditions of ahigh-voltage current to arc over the surface of an insulator or partlyover the surface of an insulator and partly through the air, from theconductor to the ground or the support for the insulator which may begrounded, that I make my insulator of the form and in the mannerhereinafter described.

In the various figures, lis shown as a crossarm or support for the pin2, having a threaded end, on which the insulator is screwed. Theseelements, by which the insulator is supported, are not essential, as theinsulator may be supported in any desired manner.

The insulator proper is shown in Figs. III and IV as made up of acap-section 3 and one or more sections 4, each section havin g anoutwardly-extending and exposed iiange 7 and a downwardly-extendingflange 8. The flanges S proj ectinto the annular groove X of thesections ft. The lowest fiange S may be seated in the groove of thetubular section 5, as shown in Figs. I and II, or said section 5 may beomitted, as shown in Figs. III and IV.

6 represents a conductor of electricity, and 9 represents the cement orglazing hereinafter referred to.

The essential features of my insulator are a plurality of sectionshaving outwardly-extending and exposed lianges, the sections being firstmade separately and then joined together into one inseparable piece foruse. Thepurpose of the outwardly-extending and exposed flange is topresent a succession of unexposed surfaces beneath the'lianges and alsogaps in the path of the current to impede arcing of the current over thesurface of the lianges and through the air from the conductor to theground. The tubular section 5, which is shown in Figs. I and II, mayserve to prevent the arcing or jumping of the current to the pin, if apin be used, or to support the rest of the insulator.

As it is an extremely difficult and apparently impracticable thing atthe present time to make an insulator possessing thev features describedin one piece or of a homogeneous mixture, I make my insulator insections or pieces in either of the following ways:

The first way is to make the insulator in sections, as shown in theseveral figures, and then cement them inseparably together with amixtureof sulfur and feldspar, which is poured into the grooves X. This methodis applicable to insulators whose sections are made'of glass, porcelain,or any other suitable insulating material. While I have used sulfur andfeldspar as a cement for the purpose described, it is not an essentialcement for this form of insulator, as there are other cements known tothe arts for the union of materials, such as glass or porcelain, whichwould also make the sections of the insulator absolutely inseparableeven by the use of heat or acid or other reagent.

The second method is for the use of materials in making the sections ofthe insulator which are fusible or may be fused together, and hasparticular reference to the use of porcelain. While I do not limitmyself to the method of securing the sections together, I have foundthat flux or glaze may be poured into the grooves X when the insulatoris in sections and that by baking or reheating the sections may be fusedtogether into one apparently homogenous piece and one that isinseparable.

In neither of the methods described is it necessary to the manufactureof myinsulator that the sections be united either in the manner or atthe points shown. It is possible that the insulator may be made so as tobe' roo joined at any point or points between its cx tremities and alsoso that more than one flange may be included in a single section or thatsome of the sections may be Without flanges.

The principles of my insulator and the method of manufacturing it applyas Well to an insulator which depends from the cross arm or support asto one which is mounted above the cross arm or support.

The drawings show my preferred forms; but the construction as shown doesnot necessarily cover the many changeable details which might effect thesame result as obtained by me.

Having described my invention, what l claim is- 1. An insulator forcurrents of high voltage, consisting of sections separate inmanufacture, the number employed dependent upon the amount of insulationrequired, and means for holding the sections permanently assembledagainst any force applied.

2. An insulator for currents of high voltage, having extreme sectionsand one or more mean sections separate in manufacture, the number of thelatter employed dependent upon the amount of insulation required andmeans for holding the sections permanently assembled against any forceapplied.

3. Au insulator for currents of high voltage including in itsorganization insulating sections separate in manufacture and withoutwardly-extending iianges, a gap being bctween the iianges of adjacentsections and beyond the liange of an extreme one of said sections, andmeans for holding the sections permanently assembled against any forceap plied.

4. A high-Voltage insulator made up of three or more parts which areseparate articles of manufacture, one of which acts as a cap to cover orprotect the pin or support from the elements, the second a tube orcylinder of a smaller diam eter than the first part which surrounds orincloses the pin and electrically protects it, and the third one or moreparts with outwardly-extending flanges or petticoats which intervenebetween the first and second parts, the said parts being permanentlyunited for use.

5. A high voltage insulator made up of three or more parts which areseparate articles of manufacture, one of which acts as a cap to cover orprotect the pin or support from the elements and has adownwardly-extending flange or petticoat, the second a tube or cylinderof a smaller diameter than the iirst part which surrounds or inclosesthe pin and has an upWardly-extending groove, the third one or moreparts with outwardly-extending flanges or petticoats which intervenebetween the first and second parts and have downwardly-extending flangesor petticoats, and upwardly-extending grooves, the said parts beingpermanently united for use.

Signed at Pittsburg this 8th day of March, 1902.

VERNON G. CONVERSE.

lVitnesses:

F. N. BARBER, F. E. lllUcKLn.

